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Monday, January 5, 2009
21 Things That Can Slow Homeschooling Progress
Typically, homeschoolers talk about the blessings and benefits of homeschooling, which are myriad. However, sometimes Life throws us a curveball--and once in a while, several curveballs--too many to deal with casually as part of the normal course of events. If you have found yourself the unwitting recipient of these circumstances, you may be worrying that your family is just not progressing with homeschooling as quickly as you should or even as well as you used to do. If you feel you are on the verge of a homeschool breakdown, the cause may not necessarily be something you are doing wrong--it may just be due to too many complex situations occurring at the same time or in rapid succession. The following list of unique situations may contain some of the things your family has experienced that you previously had not considered as being directly related to your rate of academic progress (or lack of progress).
1. Homeschooling for the first time
2. Leaving public or private school to switch to homeschooling
3. A reluctant learner who balks at the idea of schoolwork in general
4. An eager learner who wants to explore extensively into each topic
5. Pregnancy
6. Childbirth
7. Adoption
8. An infant
9. A toddler
10. A special needs child
11. A chronic illness or other health crisis affecting any family member
12. A severe injury requiring extended recovery or rehabilitation for any family member
13. An elderly parent/grandparent who needs care or must be moved to a care facility
14. Extensive property damage from fire, flood, or natural disaster
15. A legal or financial crisis
16. A job change
17. Moving to a different home
18. A wedding
19. A divorce
20. A death in the family
21. Miscarriage or stillbirth
Please note that this list is not complete. You may be experiencing some things that are not listed here and yet have been just as devastating to your "normal" routine. If your family has experienced more than one of these items in the past year or in consecutive years, please consult the article Homeschooling with Grace and the Topical Index categories of Doing Your Best and Encouragement for Parents for some much-needed comfort and uplifting encouragement. If you have reason to anticipate any of these events in your foreseeable future, try to plan ahead as much as is humanly possible in order to prepare yourselves for the upcoming event and its schedule-altering effects. Please note that some of these factors cannot be predicted at all, some will last only a few months, but others may continue for years or for a lifetime (such as a special needs child).
Above all else, know that when your family encounters the types of situations listed above, your children will have experienced Life up-close and personally, and that in itself is an education that no textbook can provide!
Posted by Carolyn M @ 12:43 PM |
2 comments
Tuesday, December 9, 2008
Carnival of Homeschooling
This week's CoH is up and running at The Daily Planet. Browse through the Anniversary Gifts edition for an overview of what's happening in the world of homeschool blogs!
Posted by Carolyn M @ 10:43 AM |
2 comments
Monday, December 8, 2008
Holiday Survival Tips for Toxic Family Gatherings
The topic of holiday gatherings with extended families was being discussed recently among some friends of mine, and it became apparent that many families dread The Big Family Holiday Dinner because it can take place under very undesirable circumstances. Regardless of socio-economic status, it seems that nearly every extended family includes a few rotten apples along with the pretty, shiny ones. In some cases, the rottenness is merely aggravating, while in others it can be seriously intimidating... or worse. If you are blessed with a truly wonderful family, take some time to concentrate on just how blessed you really are. For the rest of you, allow me to share the following holiday survival tips and advance planning secrets that worked well for getting us through less-than-festive holidays in classic Guilt-Free style. As always, I advocate doing what works best for your immediate family: your children, your spouse, and yourself. Never mind what the grandparents or siblings or aunts and uncles want you to do, expect you to do, or freely tell you that you should do -- Guilt-Free Homeschooling (or Guilt-Free Life in general) is not accomplished according to others' expectations. Let them do what works for them; you need to do what is best for you.
Absolutely, definitely, unquestionably prepare your children in advance for things that you expect might come up in the extended family situation, such as excessive consumption of alcohol, smoking, or bad language, and discuss how you want your children to react to the types of behavior they do not normally see at home. Forewarned is forearmed, and no family is perfect. Talk with your children beforehand, preparing them for what they will likely see and/or hear and from whom (read: which people to avoid). If your polite, well-behaved, morally upstanding children know ahead of time that Auntie Mary or Uncle Henry will be chain-smoking and downing an endless supply of adult beverages, they will be less likely to be shocked into uttering a potentially embarrassing response and igniting a scene that would stun the Hatfields and McCoys.
When discussing expected behavior, I explained our family's rules and standards and contrasted them with other family's rules, so that my children would understand why we had the rules we did. (Pointing out the absence of certain rules in other families sufficiently explained why some of our cousins behaved the way they did.) When my youngsters questioned why another child was allowed to play a violent video game or watch an undesirable video, I had a response ready that usually settled the matter to their satisfaction: "Well, if he was my child, then he wouldn't be allowed to do that." Occasionally, that philosophy would backfire on me, and my children would point out some wonderful privilege that another cousin boasted (usually something that I didn't want or couldn't afford for my children). At that point, I had to use the "things are seldom what they seem" tactic and help my children see The Bigger Picture: was that single privilege taking the place of more important things (to us) that we enjoyed every day (such as the privilege of pursuing our own interests through homeschooling)? When we examine all the facets of others' lives, we can nearly always find areas that we would not enjoy. The trick here is to help your child (or your spouse, or yourself) see all the areas of his own life as a whole, not just the overstocked toy room or the fancy electronic gadget du jour (or the island vacation or the 5-bathroom house or the 4-stall garage filled with shiny, sparkling chrome). A few minutes of focusing on the blessings in your own life will lead you to realize that you really wouldn't want to trade lives (and problems, debts, or tax brackets) with anyone.
It helped us to have a "code word" worked out ahead of time -- something my kids could come and safely tell me while I was surrounded by other relatives ("I have a headache" or "My tummy hurts"), usually spoken while trying to diminish the twinkle in their eyes, that would tell me they wanted Mom's stealth-mode intervention. Since our large family gatherings were always loud and everyone tends to overeat, the headache and tummy ache lines were spoken in truth, but with the added benefit of our coded meaning. It was the timing of the comment that told me as much as the words themselves. "I'm a little tired" can easily hold the double meaning of "I need a break from all these hyper-sugar-buzzed cousins -- please let me sit with you until they get tired of waiting for me and go off to do something else." I would then invite my child to sit with me for a while, and we would start a table game and change the activity level to something much less toxic than what-new-swear-words-have-you-learned-in-public-school-this-week.
Let your kids take along a "bag of tricks," containing an assortment of favorite by-myself activities: a book to read, a puzzle book, or a personal video game will allow your child a retreat into a semblance of personal space and provide a break in the midst of the chaos. [Caution: Do NOT take things that could be easily broken by bullying cousins.] Include some one-on-one games, such as Connect Four or Battleships, to play with one special person, and larger group games, such as Apples to Apples, Uno or SET cards, or dominoes so they can invite others to play along with them. Our experience was that the toxic cousins would run far away when my kids pulled out an educational game or activity, resulting in much-coveted peace and quiet! My kids quickly learned which games would attract the intelligent relatives and repel the undesirables, so you may correctly assume that those games became their favorites to take along to family gatherings. (We also learned that taking games with the fewest pieces possible helped avoid lost parts from their favorite games.)
A table game can improve a toxic atmosphere by refocusing some people and disinteresting others enough that they will leave the room. Play the game with just your children, if necessary, or include a few others -- not everyone under the roof needs to be involved. My family's gatherings usually included the men's cribbage game at the card table, a television in one room dedicated to football and another television elsewhere dedicated to video games, one wide-spreading group game (such as dominoes) on the dining room table, and an assortment of smaller games for the kids to take wherever they could find room enough to play. Remember that the educational games (e.g. Scrabble) that may be fun for homeschooled kids will quickly turn away the cousins/aunts/uncles who do not value learning, knowledge, and brain exercises. Eliminating score-keeping will minimize undue competitiveness, and relaxing a few rules can maximize the fun and adapt the play for various ages and abilities. If you are plagued with know-it-all relatives, bring along a new game that they are less likely to be familiar with. You can selectively choose games that work with only a specific number of players or choose "party" games that work for any number, depending on how you need to manipulate the crowd to your advantage.
My children used to stick their noses in a book just long enough to get away from their cousins (who would flee from anything resembling education or schoolwork). Reading a book can give an introverted child an important quiet-time break, transporting him to a more secluded environment. Historical novels can carry the reader to a peaceful, civilized era where people spoke eloquent language and treated each other with dignity and respect. Detective stories & mysteries focus the thoughts on solving a specific problem, and biographies draw attention to someone else's life for a while. (If those sound preferable to a day with your relatives, you may want to take along a book for yourself!)
Are you dreading the inevitable homeschooling interrogation? (See Discouraging Families) You don't have to take on every debate that is proffered. A brief answer followed by smiling silence can do more to make your case than a well-rehearsed discourse. For example, the acid-tongued challenge of "Are you still homeschooling those kids?" can be answered by a very confident "Yes!" and nothing more. That effectively turns the tables back on your accuser, forcing him to come up with an actual line of reasoning against homeschooling, which you can then refute with facts, if you haven't walked away from the debate by then. (Be aware that offering too much information at once can work against you.) Meanwhile, change your tactics from defense to offense: start dealing out the pack of SET cards and watch your kids astound the crowd with their warp-speed abilities to spot Sets. The same people who were so recently criticizing your "inadequate" academics will slink away and develop a sudden interest in the football game's halftime show.
Is your problem that your toxic older parent treats you (an adult parent yourself) as though you were still a child? Your first duty is to your own children, not to your overly-controlling parent. (See "Parent" Is a Verb) Yes, it is possible to respect an older parent while still standing up for your own children. Others of us may have to deal with the Know-It-All relative, the one who feels the need to be involved in every generation's decisions, from what foods go on your child's plate to who puts what decoration on which part of the Christmas tree. (See The Know-It-All Attitude)When a Know-It-All starts imposing his or her views on your unfortunate child, it's time to intervene and disrupt that negativity.
Let me make this very clear: your family (your spouse and children) are your #1 priority. - IT IS OKAY to limit contact (shortened periods of interaction) with those whose rules/standards will have a serious, negative impact over an extended period of time (and your gut instinct will accurately tell you when that time has been reached).
- IT IS OKAY to supervise contact with those who cannot be trusted to behave in a civilized manner on their own.
- IT IS OKAY to cut off contact with those who may actually cause harm.
- IT IS OKAY to leave early! Make whatever excuse you need to, and leave. You can still redeem the remainder of a miserable day with a *good* family activity with just your own kids: pizza, ice cream, a movie out, family game night, or just a favorite video and popcorn at home. (Trust me -- it works!) If you absolutely cannot depart, take your kids for a walk or go into a back bedroom and read them a story or watch a family-friendly video or do whatever you can do to disrupt the impact of the negative influences and create some happier moments in the day.
- These are YOUR children: if you need to limit, supervise, or cut off their exposure to certain toxic relatives, do it. Nothing -- especially not the pseudo-feelings of a drunken, vulgar, distant relative who won’t remember his abhorrent behavior tomorrow and would deny it anyway -- nothing is more important than the safety and well-being of your children (and your spouse) in these formative years. (You will be surprised at the amount of respect you will gain by standing up to oafish brutes who can't remember how to behave in public.)
Don't shut family members out completely UNLESS they have proven themselves so extremely toxic as to be a genuine danger to the health or safety of your children, your spouse, or yourself. That circumstance is at an entirely different level from the typical family gathering with merely annoying relatives. This may include your child's extreme food allergies and the relative who thinks "it's all in your head" and insists on slipping the child some of the suspect food when you're not looking, or it could be a relative with pedophilia issues that the rest of the family casually dismisses as "harmless." Follow your instincts: they will seldom be wrong. Don't allow something now that you will regret later.
It is not necessary to be insulting or to purposely hurt feelings by bluntly declaring "We can't stand to be around you any longer!!" It is usually enough to say "We need to go now." Use the weather or the traffic as an excuse, if needed, or say "Joey's tired, and we need to take him home." (Little Joey may not actually be in need of immediate sleep, but Joey may certainly be tired of being picked on by his bigger cousins, or he's tired of Aunt Sarah pinching his cheeks every 8.3 minutes, or he's tired of Uncle Joe reminding him of how Joey is his namesake -- when the last thing Joey ever wants in this life is to grow up to be anything at all like creepy, stinky Uncle Joe!) Family is forever, so tolerate as much as is reasonable by finding ways to make the uncomfortable situations more bearable. You could ultimately end up with a fabulous reputation for being the fun and smart branch of the family who always bring those great games!
What if you're destined to spend several days with tiring relatives due to air travel restrictions? Take your children for a walk around the neighborhood, take them to a movie, play a game with your kids, read a chapter or two from a good book together. Change the activity. Change the topic of conversation. Change the channel. Do something to break the cycle and disrupt the toxic flow. Even if you are not normally the intermediary type, try to stretch yourself in this situation for the sake of your children. Speaking up once may be all that is required to let others know where the line is and when they have stepped over it. There may come a point where continued exposure to certain relatives can become a negative influence to your children, instead of your presence being a positive influence to the others. If affordable, retreating to a cheap motel for even one night will give your family a break from all the relatives and allow you a few blessed private moments to yourselves. You may indeed by trapped in a relative's home this year, but you can plan ahead for diversions while you are there and make other arrangements for next year.
Are you hosting this year's family dinner? Invite an individual or family from church/work/etc. to join your family gathering who would not otherwise have close family with whom to share the holidays. They can serve as a "buffer" for keeping your relatives on their best behavior -- most people are less relaxed around strangers and won't be as likely to speak or act as freely. Use this to your advantage! You get the double blessing of hosting your friends (and the alternate topics of conversation they provide), and your troublesome relatives will be more likely to behave themselves.
Remember that your lives may be the only "Bible" your extended family will ever read. Don't take that lightly. While there may be relatives who won't listen to (or won't allow) your testimony or attempts at sharing your faith, they will still see your lives, your actions, and your reactions. That "silent" witness will speak to them much more loudly than mere words ever could.
Yes, most of these tactics will mean that you spend your holiday working like an activities director or referee, rather than sitting back and catching up on all of the family gossip. However, sailing through the day and avoiding any huge blow-ups will be worth every bit of effort on your part, and that in itself will bring blessed relief from the previously anticipated tensions. Plan ahead, prepare your secret bag of tricks (games, books, etc.), and enjoy your holiday the best you can. Being prepared means fewer surprises, fewer shocks, fewer uncomfortable moments, and truly happy holidays!
Posted by Carolyn M @ 4:19 PM |
5 comments
Tuesday, December 2, 2008
The Holidays Are Unit Studies -- Learning During the Busy Season
[This article was written by Jennifer (Morrison) Leonhard: Guilt-Free daughter and homeschool graduate.]
The holidays are a hectic time: relatives are coming over, the house needs to be cleaned, presents must be bought and wrapped, and food must be prepared. The schoolwork either gets lost along the way or becomes an added frustration as we try to get everything done at once. Mom planned our school schedule with the knowledge that Dad would be home from work around this time and regular schoolwork wouldn't get done, but the learning was just beginning.
Mom usually gave us a break from lessons during the entire week of Thanksgiving, and we often stopped our official schoolwork well before Christmas, since extra time before each holiday was more beneficial for Mom's preparations than time off afterward. However, we found many opportunities for learning, even when the schoolbooks had been put back on the shelf.
Shop Class
Dad usually did some project around the house during his time off from work (after all, you can't get Dad to just sit around the house doing nothing). We learned to fix cracks in walls, paint, and generally drive Mom crazy with home repairs, all while she was preparing to have people over. Creating homemade presents, like building blocks, picture frames, and ornaments, teach handcrafts while theoretically cutting down on the expenses for gifts.
Math
Mom has always used cooking as math. Make a recipe smaller or larger, and you are automatically learning fractions: ¾ cup of flour times 2 equals 1 ½ cups. (Sure you could just use the ¾ cup twice, but then what are you learning?) The economics of having a budget for Christmas will never fail to provide an opportunity for learning. How about learning some geometry and spatial relationships when wrapping presents? A lesson in possibility vs. impossibility lurks in the concept of a jolly and fat Santa squeezing down a chimney (which also brings up the lesson of "don't try this at home") or reindeer in flight (although one can argue that bees are also supposed to be a flight impossibility, and yet they consistently defy logical aerodynamics).
Music
Obviously, Christmas includes music -- but that can take on many different forms. You can find many genres of Christmas music, from a symphony orchestra to the sounds of animals barking and mewing Away in a Manger. The latter is rather amusing the first time, but it gets harder to appreciate with frequency. The library and your friends will likely have a variety of holiday music that you can sample. I found a simple song book and learned how to tap out a few tunes on the piano. I knew what Christmas songs were supposed to sound like, so they were easier to learn, and I got a small taste of playing the piano. Explore the lyrics of Christmas songs to learn a little about Christmas history -- have you ever wondered why the lyrics to I'll Be Home for Christmas talk about presents on the tree?
History
Beyond the lyrics of songs giving us a glimpse into Christmas Past, there are many other subjects you can study for history. Thanksgiving is a history lesson in itself, from the voyage of the Pilgrims to learning why we celebrate it in November. American history becomes an interesting pastime instead of boring history when reading a Pilgrim's personal account of coming to this country. Do you know why we celebrate Christmas around a tree? Or who started the tradition of sending Christmas cards? Do you know how the first Christmas trees were decorated -- or the stories behind your family's favorite decorations?
Literature
From studying Christmases past to reading about the Ghost of Christmas Past, ample literature can be found about others celebrating Christmas. In the spirit of the season, reading holiday stories aloud by a fire while drinking hot cocoa certainly doesn't feel much like schoolwork!
Spelling
The holidays can provide much inspiration for spelling, from Old World words in songs to sitting around after dinner, playing Scrabble with friends and family. Reindeer pulling a sleigh will provide you with more exceptions to the rule "I before E, except after C."
Language, Geography & Social Studies
Research the different names for Santa Claus around the world. (And for math, estimate the number of stops he must make in a single night.) Various traditions surround Santa's visit, from cookies and milk to leaving shoes instead of stockings to be filled. And don't overlook the traditions of Hanukkah: many interesting studies reside in the holiday celebrations from other cultures.
Cooking
Besides being recruited to help Mom with preparations for large family dinners (and vying for turns at grinding the fruits for our traditional cranberry relish), we often made a variety of cookies and candies to have available during the season. Occasionally, we also made an assortment of mini-casseroles and other freezer meals as gifts for elderly grandparents. Perhaps you could experience popular foods from holiday celebrations in the past -- and who doesn't enjoy a chance to try yummy new foods? You may end up adding a new favorite to the season, or (if you don't like the new dish) you can at least learn to be more thankful for the old standards your family regularly prepares for holidays.
Many more lessons can be found in the holiday seasons -- just make sure to keep your eyes open for learning opportunities and your heart open to the most important lesson of all: being thankful for the Son.
Posted by Carolyn M @ 3:13 PM |
1 comments
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
Uber Amazing blog Award
Michelle at My Blessed Home surprised me with the Uber Amazing Blog Award! Too many disruptions to daily life (for one, my Mom recently passed away) have kept me from keeping up with whatever awards are bouncing around the blogosphere, so this was especially touching. Thank you so much, Michelle! 
About the award: Uber (synonym to Super) Amazing Blog Award is a blog award given to sites who:
~ inspires you
~ makes you smile and laugh
~ or maybe gives amazing information
~ a great read
~ has an amazing design
~ and any other reasons you can think of that makes them uber amazing! The rules of this award are: * Put the logo on your blog or post.
* Nominate at least 5 blogs (can be more) that for you are Uber Amazing!
* Let them know that they have received this Uber Amazing award by commenting on their blog.
* Share the love and link to this post and to the person you received your award from. I pass this award on to: The Cate Family of Why Homeschool? for their creation of and tireless dedication to the Carnival of Homeschooling.
Andrea and her atypicalife, including the non-stop, side-splitting adventures of Emma, the wunderkind. Plus, Andrea is my favorite go-to computer geek/homeschooling mom.
Dy at Classical Adventures for her continuing saga of a growing family refurbishing their Forever Home. I have to remember to go to the bathroom before I read Dy's posts, because... well, read her blog and you'll KNOW why! Use extreme caution in drinking your favorite beverage while reading also, because your computer just won't like the results.
Kim's Large Family Logistics provides down-to-earth how-to's from a family that knows what they're talking about!
Comics, Coffee and Catches has to be my favorite online comic strip, mostly because it's TOO TRUE in its representation of homeschool life. These drawings can say so much in just a few panels, and they never fail to make me smile, laugh, or GASP! with the recollection of "Ohmigosh, my kids did that, TOO!" (and I've always wanted to learn to juggle, so I freely admit to having juggling envy)
Posted by Carolyn M @ 4:48 PM |
5 comments
Thursday, October 30, 2008
How Can I Teach Out-of-the-Box Thinking?
[This article was written by Jennifer (Morrison) Leonhard: Guilt-Free daughter and homeschool graduate.]
Society spends years conforming our minds, teaching us to follow certain conventions and rules, and then once we reach college and business, we are asked to be "out of the box thinkers." I turned to my brother for inspiration at this point. My brother has never been accused of being "in the box" unless it was a large cardboard box, wrapped as a Christmas present during a white elephant gift exchange. (Yes, he really did that.)
In math class, when presented with a hexagon and asked to "Name this figure," he simply wrote "Bob." When Mom asked what direction he would be facing if he went out the front door, walked 3 steps and turned right, took 3 steps, then turned right again, took 3 steps and turned right again, he said, "Forward!" By nature I am more of a conformist, striving to give the answer that was expected of me, and when faced with an "out of the box" question, I was often lost. Given no absolute and no example upon which to base my answers, I didn't know where to look and often called my brother from college to see what his answer would be. After an hour or so of brainstorming, I could find a direction that suited me for forming my own thoughts.
Surprisingly though, I have often been considered by my peers as a bit out of the box. For the past few years, I have dressed in costume for work during the holiday season. It started when I worked in a commission environment (selling fine jewelry) and had to find a way to gain attention and get customers to talk to me. Dressing in a Santa hat and curly toed shoes with bells on the ends made customers want to greet me, instead of shying away when I greeted them. Getting the initial greeting with the customer was the hard part -- after that I could gain the information I needed to learn who they were shopping for and what that person might like in a gift. My costumes prompted the customers to speak to me first.
Last year we had too much Halloween inventory at our retail store, and it wasn't moving out the door fast enough. I started dressing in costumes, and children would beg their parents for a costume: after all, that girl over there (me) is dressed up, and it isn't Halloween yet! It worked. I started coming up with as many costumes as I could, digging through our old dress-up box to come up with ideas. Many costumes were based on a single hat and accessorized to fit the theme. A witch's hat turned an ordinary black dress, green tights, and green eye shadow into a complete character. The same idea worked with an inexpensive pirate's hat and a striped shirt, dark eyeliner, one hoop earring, and a gold blazer. Everyone at work asked where I got these elaborate costumes, but most of them were things I normally wore to work any other day, but they were just combined differently to go with a specific hat. It seems simple enough when explained, but my coworkers simply can't get over each costume I wear. They laugh at my courage to wear a costume to work, since many are not planning to wear a costume on Halloween, but I've been wearing costumes every day for weeks.
I don't know exactly what factors made my brother and me the way we are, but I do know that we were encouraged to have an imagination much bigger than ourselves. We drew Dr. Seuss characters with chalk on the sidewalk and tried to create Seuss-like characters of our own. Mom had wanted to be an astronaut when she grew up, and that same desire to shoot for the moon was passed on to my brother and me.
When my brother and I were growing up, Mom would ask us questions that would get us to think situations through. Along with asking us simpler questions, like what sounds certain animals made, she would ask us more intriguing questions, such as how would we get our shoes tied if we had a broken arm. She asked questions that would get us to anticipate the future before it happened, and consider how different variables could alter the outcome. We were encouraged to look at questions from different angles, to experiment to see what happened, and to have the imagination to believe anything was possible.
Mom created new games using parts from the other games we had -- usually to teach us something. I hated spelling, but using Scrabble tiles to form my spelling words made the subject a little easier to grasp. Math was more fun when it involved a scavenger hunt for us and a friend. In fact, Mom always called math a puzzle. She enjoyed algebra, and as annoying as that was sometimes, she taught us how to see it as a puzzle, too. Mom used her math skills to scale down the solar system to the size of our block -- the sun was as wide as our street, and we drew its outline with chalk right there in the middle of the street, and then we mapped out the planets to scale, too. Seeing how far the planets would be from each other if the sun would fit on our street helped us to imagine how far away from each other they must be in real life.
I'm not especially talented, I am a horrible artist, the musical talent went to my brother, and I wouldn't make a good actress. I'm also not the homeschooler who is likely to be featured on the cover of a magazine. I enjoy math, but it doesn't come easily to me. However, I did learn to visualize things, whether possible or not, in order to come up with solutions and decide on the best one. Although a lot of my homeschooling came from books due to my love of reading, some of the most memorable parts were when our family got out of the textbooks, out of the classroom, and out of the box.
Posted by Carolyn M @ 1:43 PM |
3 comments
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